If Art+Math brings one person to mind, it’s Escher. His tessellations present the best-known instance, but he did a lot more than that.
In April 2003, the mathematicians Bart de Smit and Hendrik Lenstra wrote a delightful article, Escher and the Droste effect, about Escher’s lithograph Prentententoonstelling. They pointed out that
We shall see that the lithograph can be viewed as drawn on a certain elliptic curve over the field of complex numbers…
Diagonal Argument 