Author Archives: Michael Weiss

Eminent Victorians

Eminent Victorians, by Lytton Strachey

The last post from the History Book Club, and my favorite.

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The One Change in the Remake of Mean Girls All the Other Websites Missed

Here it is:

Apparently two-sided limits are problematic in 2024. 

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Akira Kurosawa

Still from Ikiru

Another post from the History Book Club, based on:

  • The Films of Akira Kurosawa, by Donald Richie
  • The Warrior’s Camera: The Cinema of Akira Kurosawa, by Stephen Price
  • Something Like an Autobiography, by Akira Kurosawa.
  • Commentary tracks in the Criterion Collection

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The Peloponnesian War

Another post from the History Book Club.

Donald Kagan: Ancient Greek History; The Peloponnesian War

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Aristotle and Falling Objects

Prev Aristotle

Intro: The Cage Match

Do heavier objects fall faster?

Once upon a time, this question was presented as a cage match between Aristotle and Galileo (Galileo winning). As Carlo Rovelli puts it:

…[Aristotle’s physics] is commonly said to state that heavier objects fall faster when every high-school kid should know they fall at the same speed. (Do they??)

and Thony Christie at The Renaissance Mathematicus says:

As is generally well known, having defined fall as natural motion, Aristotle now goes on to elucidate his laws of fall, which, of course, everybody knows were wrong being first brilliantly corrected by Galileo in the seventeenth century. Firstly, Aristotle’s laws of fall are not as wrong as people think, and secondly, they were, as we shall see in later episodes, challenged and corrected much earlier than Galileo.

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The Monoenergetic Heresy (Part 2)

Part 1 Next Aristotle

In Part 1, I mentioned my (momentary) discombobulation when I learned about the 6th century Monoenergetic Heresy—long before ‘energy’ entered the physics lexicon. What’s going on? But as I said, “Of course you know the answer: Aristotle.”

Over the years, I’ve dipped in Aristotle’s works several times. Caveat: I’m a dilettante here. Or to borrow the disclaimer that used to grace horoscope columns, what follows is “for entertainment purposes only”.

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Quadratic Reciprocity

Orbit diagram for F_19

Quadratic reciprocity has hundreds of proofs, but the nicest ones I’ve seen (at least at the elementary level) use Gauss sums. One variant uses the cyclotomic field ℚ(ζ), where ζ is a p-th root of unity. Another brings in the finite fields 𝔽p and 𝔽q.

I wrote up a long, loving, and chatty treatment several years ago, going through the details for several examples. Much longer than the proofs! The diagram up top may give you an inkling.

Anyway, here  it is.

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Nonstandard Models of Arithmetic 31

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MW: Last time we learned about the “back-and-forth” condition for two countable structures M and N for a (countable) language L:

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Nonstandard Models of Arithmetic 30

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MW: Time to finish off Enayat’s Theorem 7:

Theorem 7: Every countable recursively saturated model N of PA+ΦT is a T-standard model of PA.

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Nonstandard Models of Arithmetic 29

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MW: We’re still going through Enayat’s proof of his Theorem 7:

Theorem 7: Every countable recursively saturated model N of PA+ΦT is a T-standard model of PA.

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Filed under Conversations, Peano Arithmetic